❓ कौन–कौन से कानून Product Fraud को रोकते हैं?
भारत में Product Fraud यानी नकली, मिलावटी, defective या misleading products को रोकने के लिए कई कानूनी प्रावधान हैं।
1️⃣ Consumer Protection Act, 2019 (CPA)
- उद्देश्य: उपभोक्ता को defective, unsafe और misleading products से बचाना
- मुख्य प्रावधान:
- Section 2(10) – Defective goods
- Section 2(28) – Misleading advertisement
- Section 2(34) – Product liability
- Sections 83–87 – Product liability action
- Scope: Online और offline दोनों products
- Penalty: Refund, replacement, compensation, fine
2️⃣ Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860
- उद्देश्य: जानबूझकर धोखाधड़ी और cheating को दंडित करना
- मुख्य प्रावधान:
- Section 415 – Cheating
- Section 420 – Cheating & dishonestly inducing delivery of property
- Section 463, 468 – Forgery
- Section 489 – Counterfeit products / currency
- Penalty: Jail (up to 7 years) + fine
3️⃣ Legal Metrology Act, 2009
- उद्देश्य: Products का सही weight, quantity और labeling सुनिश्चित करना
- Scope: Packaged goods, weighing machines, online & offline
- Penalty: Fine + seizure of goods
4️⃣ Food Safety and Standards Act (FSSAI), 2006
- उद्देश्य: Safe और adulteration-free food सुनिश्चित करना
- Scope: Food, beverages, online & offline
- Penalty: Fine + imprisonment for unsafe / adulterated food
5️⃣ Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940
- उद्देश्य: Medicines और cosmetics की safety और authenticity सुनिश्चित करना
- Scope: All pharmaceuticals, OTC drugs, online pharmacies
- Penalty: Fine + imprisonment for fake / substandard drugs
6️⃣ Essential Commodities Act, 1955
- उद्देश्य: आवश्यक वस्तुओं की supply, price और safety control करना
- Scope: Pulses, edible oil, sugar, medicines, etc.
- Penalty: Fine / imprisonment / seizure
7️⃣ E-commerce Rules, 2020
- उद्देश्य: Online marketplaces में verified seller और consumer protection सुनिश्चित करना
- Key Points:
- Transparency in product description
- Verified sellers only
- Grievance redressal officer
- Prohibited / counterfeit products block
- Penalty: Fine + legal action against seller / platform